Mineralogical and Biological Witnesses of Redikar Burial of the 10th–11th Centuries

I. I. Сhaikovskiy, T. V. Fadeeva, E. P. Chirkova

Abstract


The study of products of copper alloys of the Lomatov culture of the X-XI centuries from the collection of the Cherdyn Museum revealed two types of patina. The first pseudomorphic might be composed of intergrowths of chlorides formed upon interaction with the sweat of the hands, or a zonal rim of cuprite-malachite-azurite composition, due to interaction with groundwater. The second type, which distorts the shape of the original product, is associated with the leaching of copper and other metals and the crystallization of oxides and salts on the surface in the form of worm-like, kidney-shaped and drusoid aggregates. Fragments of mineralized biological objects (wings, eggs and larvae of flies, mole hair) found on the surface of the patina testify to the rapid oxidation of bronze, which is associated with flooding of the soil of the burial ground immediately after burial.

Keywords


mineral composition of patina; biological objects; Permian animal style

References


Belavin A.M. 2007. Redikarskiy arkheologicheskiy kompleks (po materialam raskopok 1996 g.) [Redikar archeological complex (on materials of excavations in 1996)]. Trudy KAEE. 4:23-50. (in Russian)

Belavin A.M., Krylasova N.B. 2016. Problema periodizatsii srednevekovykh arkheologicheskikh kultur Permskogo Preduralya [Problem of dating of

the medieval archeological cultures of the Perm Cis-Urals]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Istoriya. 1(32):28-41. (in Russian)

Narchuk E.P. 2003. Opredelitel semeystv dvukrylykh nasekomykh (Insecta: Diptera) fauny Rossii i sopredelnykh stran (s kratkim obzorom

semeystv mirovoy fauny) [Qualifier of dipterous insects family (Insecta: Diptera) of fauna of Russia and adjacent countries (with short review of world fauna families)]. Trudy Zool. in-ta RAN. T. 294, p. 250. (in

Russian)

Oborin V.A. 1953. Bayanovskiy mogilnik na r. Kosve [Bayanovskiy burial ground on the Kosva River]. UZPGU, T. IX, Vyp. 3. Kharkov. (in Russian)

Chaikovskiy I.I., Shirinkin P.S. 2016. Arkheomineralogiya izdeliy drevney tsvetnoy metallurgii Permskogo Prikamya: opyt ispolzovaniya elektronno-mikrozondovogo analiza [Arсhaeomineralogy of ancient nonferrous metallurgy pieces of the Perm Region: Experience of usage of electron microprobe analysis]. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Geologiya. 4(33):6-17. (in Russian) doi:10.17072/psu.geol.33.6

Grzywacz A., Hall MJR., Pape T., Szpila K. 2017. Muscidae (Diptera) of forensic importance an identification key to third instar larvae of the western Palaearctic region and a catalogue of the muscid carrion community. Int J Legal Med. doi: 10.1007/s00414-016-1495-0

Moon R.D., 2019. Muscid Flies. In: Medical and Veterinary Entomology. Eds. Gary R. Mullen, Lance A. Durden, pp. 345-368.

Cortinhas L.B., Mendonc P.M., Barbosa R.R., Carvalho Queiroz M.M., 2016. Ultrastructure of immature stages of the black dump fly: Ophyra aenescens (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Muscidae: Azeliinae). Acta Tropica 158:125–129.

Erzinclioglu Y.Z., 1989. The value of chorionic structure and size in the diagnosis of blowfly eggs. Med Vet Entomol 3: 281-285.

Greenberg B., Singh D., 1995. Species identification of calliphorid (Diptera) eggs. J Med Entomol 32: 21-26.

Cortinhas L.B., Mendonc P.M., Braga M.V., Carvalho Queiroz M.M., 2020. Ultrastructure of the Immature Stages of Musca domestica (Diptera:

Muscidae: Muscinae) Journal of Medical Entomology, XX(X):1–10.

Hydrotaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 2018. 1830 (Diptera: Muscidae) From Forensic and Archaeological Contexts Journal of Medical Entomology,

XX(X):1–10.

Teerink B.J. 1991 Hair of West European mammals. Atlas and identification key. Cambridge, N.Y.: Cambridge Univ. Press, p. 232.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/psu.geol.21.1.1

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.